Css Texts

This chapter teaches you how to manipulate text using CSS properties. You can set following text properties of an element -

The color property is used to set the color of a text.
The direction property is used to set the text direction.
The letter-spacing property is used to add or subtract space between the letters that make up a word.
The word-spacing property is used to add or subtract space between the words of a sentence.
The text-indent property is used to indent the text of a paragraph.
The text-align property is used to align the text of a document.
The text-decoration property is used to underline, overline, and strikethrough text.
The text-transform property is used to capitalize text or convert text to uppercase or lowercase letters.
The white-space property is used to control the flow and formatting of text.
The text-shadow property is used to set the text shadow around a text.

Set the Text Color

The following example demonstrates how to set the text color. Possible value could be any color name in any valid format.

<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "color:red;">
         This text will be written in red.
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

This text will be written in red.

Set the Text Direction

The following example demonstrates how to set the direction of a text. Possible values are ltr or rtl.

<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "direction:rtl;">
         This text will be rendered from right to left
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result -

This text will be rendered from right to left

Set the Space between Characters

The following example demonstrates how to set the space between characters. Possible values are normal or a number specifying space..

 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "letter-spacing:5px;">
         This text is having space between letters.
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result -

This text is having space between letters.

Set the Space between Words

The following example demonstrates how to set the space between words. Possible values are normal or a number specifying space.

  
<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "word-spacing:5px;">
         This text is having space between words.
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

This will produce following result -

This text is having space between words.

Set the Text Indent

The following example demonstrates how to indent the first line of a paragraph. Possible values are % or a number specifying indent space.

 <html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "text-indent:1cm;">
         This text will have first line indented by 1cm and this line will remain at 
         its actual position this is done by CSS text-indent property.
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result -

This text will have first line indented by 1cm and this line will remain at its actual position this is done by CSS text-indent property.

Set the Text Alignment

The following example demonstrates how to align a text. Possible values are left, right, center, justify.

 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "text-align:right;">
         This will be right aligned.
      </p>
      
      <p style = "text-align:center;">
         This will be center aligned.
      </p>
      
      <p style = "text-align:left;">
         This will be left aligned.
      </p>
   >/body<
</html>

This will produce following result -

This will be right aligned.

This will be center aligned.

This will be left aligned.

Decorating the Text

The following example demonstrates how to decorate a text. Possible values are none, underline, overline, line-through, blink.

  <html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "text-decoration:underline;">
         This will be underlined
      </p>
      
      <p style = "text-decoration:line-through;">
         This will be striked through.
      </p>
      
      <p style = "text-decoration:overline;">
         This will have a over line.
      </p>
      
      <p style = "text-decoration:blink;">
         This text will have blinking effect
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

This will produce following result -

This will be underlined

This will be striked through.

This will have a over line.

This text will have blinking effect

Set the Text Cases

The following example demonstrates how to set the cases for a text. Possible values are none, capitalize, uppercase, lowercase.

<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "text-transform:capitalize;">
         This will be capitalized
      </p>
      
      <p style = "text-transform:uppercase;">
         This will be in uppercase
      </p>
      
      <p style = "text-transform:lowercase;">
         This will be in lowercase
      </p>
   >/body<
>/html<

This will produce following result -

This will be capitalized

This will be in uppercase

This will be in lowercase

Set the White Space between Text

The following example demonstrates how white space inside an element is handled. Possible values are normal, pre, nowrap.

<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "white-space:pre;">
         This text has a line break and the white-space pre setting 
         tells the browser to honor it just like the HTML pre tag.
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

This will produce following result -

This text has a line break and the white-space pre setting tells the browser to honor it just like the HTML pre tag.

Set the Text Shadow

The following example demonstrates how to set the shadow around a text. This may not be supported by all the browsers.

  
<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "text-shadow:4px 4px 8px blue;">
         If your browser supports the CSS text-shadow property, 
         this text will have a  blue shadow.
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result -

If your browser supports the CSS text-shadow property, this text will have a blue shadow.

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